Pure Retinol: A vitamin A derivative (retinoic acid) that dermatologists highly recommend. It promotes surface cell turnover and improves the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles when used in our formulas. Niacinamide:Niacinamide is a water-soluble vitamin that is a form of vitamin B3. It is widely used in dermatology due to its soothing properties, which aid in the restoration of the skin's moisture barrier and the visible fading of skin discolorations. Hyaluronic Acid:Hyaluronic Acid (HA) is a naturally occurring polysaccharide (carbohydrate polymer) in the skin. When used in a formula, HA is an effective humectant that can hold a large amount of water to aid in the moisture retention of the skin. Glycerin:Glycerin is an excellent humectant derived from vegetable sources. It hydrates the skin by absorbing water from its surroundings. Dimethicone:Dimethicone is a silicone-based polymer that is used as a skin protectant to aid in water loss. La Roche-Posay Thermal Spring Water: A calming water sourced in the French town of La Roche-Posay and a key ingredient in the majority of our products. It has an unusual combination of minerals.